News

As prescription drug spending grows, employers ? who pay a large part of the bill ? want to know if they are getting their money's worth. A critical review of scientific literature on some common diseases provides the answer.

Students who aspire to become medical directors because they think it's a laid-back desk job are in for a rude awakening. Unlike the clinical executives of the past, today's medical directors and chief medical officers (CMOs) have enterprising issues on their desks, sprawling out to the remotest edges in the continuum of care.

A Mutual Effort

All of the computer information technology in the world does no good if you don't have the discipline to act on what it's telling you to do. Not only does Kent Clapp, chairman, president and CEO of Medical Mutual of Ohio, apply this principle to running his own organization, he believes it's equally relevant to healthcare consumers.

Returning to the workplace after a diagnosis and treatment of cancer raises many issues for employee and employer alike. Two experts in the field explain why the challenges may not be as daunting as they first seem.

Cyclooxygenase-2 selective inhibitiors, better known as coxibs, may not be cost-effective for treatment of chronic arthritis pain in patients at average risk for ulcer complications as compared with nonselective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), according to a study recently published in the Annals of Internal Medicine. Using a coxib versus a NSAID cost an incremental $275,809 per year to gain 1 additional quality-adjusted life-year (QALY). For patients with a history of bleeding ulcers, however, the incremental cost per QALY gained decreased to $55,803.

Fondaparinux (Arixtra, Organon/Sanofi-Synthelabo) is at least as effective and safe as the low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) dalteparin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) following major abdominal surgery, according to results from the Pentasaccharide in General Surgery Study (PEGASUS). Fondaparinux is the first and only synthetic selective Factor Xa inhibitor indicated for the prophylaxis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT).

Current medical therapy for chronic stable angina (CSA) is targeted at reducing the frequency of anginal symptoms and improving exercise tolerance by increasing myocardial oxygen supply and/or reducing myocardial oxygen demand. Pharmacological therapy for CSA is limited since traditional agents provide pain relief by reducing the work of the heart or dilating arterioles in an attempt to enhance supply. Combinations of these agents can induce profound reductions in blood pressure that limit the aggressive dosing needed in some patients. Metabolic modulators seek to overcome this issue through a novel mechanism of action. Ranolazine (Renexa, CV Therapeutics) is a partial fatty oxidase (pFOX) inhibitor that increases the amount of ATP produced from glucose and increases the ability of the myocardium to retain functionality despite a reduced oxygen supply. (Formulary 2003;38:461?476)

Patients with diabetes are at extremely high risk for cardiovascular disease. Because glucose control is associated with only modest reductions in macrovascular complications, efforts must be made to specifically target other cardiovascular risk factors. Diabetes is associated with a characteristic lipid profile: low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and high triglyceride levels with or without high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. This profile is also found in patients with early-onset coronary heart disease and correlates with increased atherogenesis. Multiple clinical trials have demonstrated that lipid-modifying therapy in patients with diabetes decreases cardiovascular risk. Management targeting all lipid abnormalities may represent the best treatment strategy since many patients with diabetes do not have elevated LDL-C levels. Combining lipid-modifying agents is also an attractive option for normalizing multiple lipid abnormalities. (Formulary 2003;38:478-497)

When Destiny Health Plan launched its consumer-driven healthcare solution in the United States in 2000, it wasn't a shot in the dark. Its parent company, Discovery Health, headquartered in Johannesburg, had already proven the consumer-driven model's success in South Africa 10 years before. With a little tweaking to fit the U.S. marketplace, the healthcare product has taken off, serving 23,000 members and 700 employer groups.

We all remember how difficult things got for the managed care industry in the mid-to-late 1990s, but as they say: When the going gets tough, the tough get going.