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Kineret (Anakinra) AMGEN

Biologic: First IL-1 receptor blocker for moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis

Ranolazine, the first in a new class of antianginal agents called the partialfatty acid oxidation (pFOX) inhibitors, improves exercise performance andreduces angina frequency in patients who still have symptoms despite treatmentwith other antianginal medications, according to Bernard Chaitman, MD. Hereported the results of a Phase III study called the Combination Assessmentof Ranolazine in Stable Angina (CARISA).

An agent developed specifically for the treatment of angina reduces theincidence of major coronary events, reported Henry Dargie, MD, who presentedthe results of a trial known as the Impact of Nicorandil in Angina (IONA).It is believed to be the first large-scale trial to report on the effectsof a specific antianginal drug on clinical outcome.

The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) fluoxetine, sertraline,and paroxetine are equally effective and tolerated in depressed patientsacross a broad range of outcome measures. So finds an open-label, randomizedstudy in 573 patients treated for depression for 9 months in a primary caresetting.

A step-down approach from proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy is successful in most patients with uncomplicated GERD, reducing costs without compromising quality of life. So concludes a new prospective study.

Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (Viread) recently gained accelerated FDA approval. It is the first member of a new antiretroviral class and also the first antiretroviral approved on the basis of efficacy trials conducted almost exclusively in treatment-experienced patients. This Focus article reviews these studies and considers how other pending and planned trials may refine tenofovir's role.

Like their older counterparts, the newer anticonvulsants gabapentin, lamotrigine, and topiramate show promise for treating various off-label psychiatric and neurologic disorders. This review examines the quality of current evidence for these new uses, identifies where gaps in the evidence lie, and discusses which emerging uses of individual agents appear most justified.

Clinicians at Nebraska Methodist Hospital, a not-for-profit acute care facility, developed and implemented an automatic interchange program for the ACE inhibitor class of drugs. This article presents the ACE inhibitor review upon which the formulary decisions were based as well as the initial clinical and economic results of the interchange program. (This pdf version includes an appendix that was not included in the print issue)

FDA Actions in Brief

A once-daily, extended-release form of the amphetamine and dextroamphetamine mixture Adderall (Adderall XR, Shire) has been approved for treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. The new product is supplied in capsules that provide double-pulsed amphetamine delivery, prolonging the amphetamine release compared with immediate-release Adderall.

Fondaparinux, the first in a new class of antithrombotics that selectively target factor Xa, has been deemed approvable by the FDA for prevention of venous thromboembolism following orthopedic surgery. Four phase III trials have suggested that it may be more effective than enoxaparin in this setting with little to no additional bleeding risk. This Focus review examines data from these trials and others in an effort to sketch out this pending agent's likely therapeutic role.